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|group = Wolof people |poptime = c. 6,207,083 |region1 = Senegal |pop1 = 5,689,710 |ref1 = 〔adherents.com: (Wolof )〕 |region2 = The Gambia |pop2 = 287,658 |ref2 = 〔 |region3 = Mauritania |pop3 = 229,715 |ref3 = |langs = Wolof, French, English, and Hassānīya Arabic |rels =Majority Sunni Islam with Sufism, minority Traditional African religion, Christianity〔(Senegal:Religion ), africaguide.com (1996-2008).〕 |related = Lebou, Serer }} The Wolof people (UK: )〔 (US: ) are an ethnic group in Senegal, The Gambia, and Mauritania. In Senegal the Wolof form an ethnic plurality making up about 43.3% of the population.〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/sg.html〕 In The Gambia, about 16% of the population are Wolof. In Gambia, they are a minority, where the Mandinka are the plurality with 42% of the population, yet Wolof language and culture have a disproportionate influence because of their prevalence in Banjul, the Gambian capital, where a majority of the population is Wolof.〔https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ga.html〕 In Mauritania, about 8% of the population are Wolof. They live largely in the southern coastal region of the country. They speak the Wolof language. The Wolof are mostly Sunni muslims. ==Orthography== The term ''Wolof'' also refers to the Wolof language and to their states, cultures, and traditions. Older French publications frequently employ the spelling "''Ouolof''"; up to the 19th century, the spellings "Volof" and "Olof" are also encountered. In English, Wollof and Woloff〔"Wolof, n. and adj." in the ''Oxford English Dictionary''. Oxford University Press (Oxford), 1986.〕 are found, particularly in reference to the Gambian Wolof. (The spelling "Wollof" is closer to the native pronunciation of the name.〔http://www.lrc.columbia.edu/students/languages/wolof.html〕) The spelling Jolof is often used, but in particular reference to the Wolof empire and kingdom in central Senegal that existed from the 14th to the 19th centuries. Similarly, a West African rice dish is known in English as jollof rice. It is thought the Wolof people originated from a Baffouri population in the Sahara before it became hostile to farming due to desertification. As the environment deteriorated some of them drifted into the Senegalese areas of Futa Toro and modern-day south eastern Mauritania. With the Arab conquests of around 640 AD they were forced to move into north and east Senegal where over time villages developed into autonomous states such as Baol, Kayor, Saloum, Dimar, Walo and Sine the overall ruling state being that of Jolof who came together voluntarily to form the Jolof Empire. Legend has it that in Walo the fishermen from several villages argued vehemently over firewood which lay along the edge of a lake at Mengen. Just before matters developed into violence a mysterious person called Ndyadyane Ndyaye (Njanjan Njie) arose from the lake and shared out the firewood fairly among the men and promptly vanished much to their bafflement. The decision was made to try and catch him so they feigned another argument and when he appeared he was caught. When Mansa Wali Jon the ruler of Sine, who was himself endowed with supernatural powers, heard about the strange goings on in Mengen he shouted "Ndyadyane Ndyaye" which is an expression of utter amazement. This name was given to the strange visitor. He became the first ruler of the new empire with the title Burba Jolof and other states voluntarily pledged allegiance to him. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Wolof people」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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